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□ 𝑴𝒊𝒏𝒅-𝒃𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑭𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒔 𝑨𝒃𝒐𝒖𝒕 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔.
● 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒚 𝑫𝒐𝒏'𝒕 𝑼𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑺𝒚𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒎, 𝑩𝒖𝒕 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒚 𝑨𝒓𝒆 𝑶𝒓𝒈𝒂𝒏𝒊𝒛𝒆𝒅.

𝑾𝒐𝒓𝒌𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝑮𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝑭𝒐𝒐𝒅, 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒅𝒊𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝑫𝒆𝒇𝒆𝒏𝒅, 𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒆𝒏𝒔 𝑹𝒆𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒆, 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑵𝒖𝒓𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝑪𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝑭𝒐𝒓 𝑨𝒏𝒕 𝑩𝒂𝒃𝒊𝒆𝒔 (𝑳𝒂𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒆).

● 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑨𝒓𝒆 𝑭𝒂𝒓𝒎𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝑻𝒐𝒐.

𝑺𝒐𝒎𝒆 𝑨𝒏𝒕 𝑺𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒔, 𝑺𝒖𝒄𝒉 𝑨𝒔 𝑳𝒆𝒂𝒇𝒄𝒖𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔, 𝑭𝒂𝒓𝒎 𝑭𝒖𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒔. 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒚 𝑪𝒖𝒕 𝑳𝒆𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒔 𝑵𝒐𝒕 𝑻𝒐 𝑬𝒂𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒍𝒚 𝑩𝒖𝒕 𝑻𝒐 𝑮𝒓𝒐𝒘 𝑭𝒖𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒔 𝑮𝒂𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒔 𝑼𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒈𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅. 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒖𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒔 𝑾𝒊𝒍𝒍 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑩𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝑭𝒐𝒐𝒅; 𝑺𝒐𝒎𝒆 𝑶𝒇 𝑰𝒕 𝑶𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒈𝒓𝒐𝒘𝒔 𝑨𝒔 𝑴𝒖𝒔𝒉𝒓𝒐𝒐𝒎𝒔 𝑻𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝑾𝒆 𝑬𝒂𝒕.

𝑴𝒐𝒓𝒆𝒐𝒗𝒆𝒓, 𝒐𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑹𝒆𝒂𝒓 𝑨𝒑𝒉𝒊𝒅𝒔 𝑶𝒏𝒍𝒚 𝑻𝒐 𝑴𝒊𝒍𝒌 𝑺𝒖𝒈𝒂𝒓𝒚 𝑫𝒆𝒘 𝑭𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒎 𝑻𝒉𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉 𝑺𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏; 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒆, 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒚 𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒕 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒎. 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒚 𝑪𝒂𝒏 𝑴𝒂𝒌𝒆 𝑨 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒅 𝑺𝒍𝒂𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑱𝒖𝒔𝒕 𝑳𝒊𝒌𝒆 𝑾𝒆 𝑫𝒐 𝑻𝒐 𝑪𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒍𝒆. 𝑰𝒇 𝒀𝒐𝒖 𝑺𝒆𝒆 𝑨𝒑𝒉𝒊𝒅𝒔 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑶𝒏 𝒀𝒐𝒖𝒓 𝑽𝒆𝒈𝒆𝒕𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆𝒔, 𝑴𝒂𝒊𝒛𝒆, 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑻𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒆𝒔, 𝒀𝒐𝒖 𝑨𝒓𝒆 𝑳𝒐𝒐𝒌𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑨𝒕 𝑨 𝑲𝒓𝒂𝒂𝒍 𝑰𝒏 𝒀𝒐𝒖𝒓 𝑮𝒂𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒏—𝒉𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝑳𝒖𝒄𝒌!

● 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑪𝒂𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒄𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝑾𝒂𝒓𝒔 𝑨𝒈𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒔𝒕 𝑶𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔.

𝑺𝒐𝒎𝒆 𝑨𝒏𝒕 𝑺𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝑰𝒏𝒗𝒂𝒅𝒆 𝑶𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑭𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝑴𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝑻𝒆𝒓𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝑩𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒍𝒆𝒔 𝑰𝒏𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒔𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒔 𝑶𝒇 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔.

● 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑷𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒆 𝑺𝒍𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒚.

𝑫𝒖𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑾𝒂𝒓𝒔 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑰𝒏𝒗𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝑶𝒇 𝑶𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒊𝒆𝒔, 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑺𝒕𝒆𝒂𝒍 𝑩𝒂𝒃𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑳𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒎 𝑻𝒐 𝑾𝒐𝒓𝒌 𝑰𝒏 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒚.

● 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑨𝒓𝒆 𝑮𝒖𝒓𝒖𝒔 𝑶𝒇 𝑫𝒐𝒐𝒎𝒔𝒅𝒂𝒚 𝑩𝒖𝒏𝒌𝒆𝒓 𝑬𝒏𝒈𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈.

𝑩𝒆𝒄𝒂𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝑶𝒇 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝑫𝒊𝒈𝒈𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕, 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑺𝒖𝒓𝒗𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒅 𝑨 𝑪𝒂𝒕𝒂𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒑𝒉𝒊𝒄 𝑨𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒐𝒊𝒅 𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒌𝒆 𝑻𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝑲𝒊𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒅 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑫𝒊𝒏𝒐𝒔𝒂𝒖𝒓𝒔. 𝑶𝒗𝒆𝒓 75% 𝑶𝒇 𝑨𝒏𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝑶𝒏 𝑬𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒉 𝑾𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝑾𝒊𝒑𝒆𝒅 𝑶𝒖𝒕 𝑩𝒚 𝑻𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝑬𝒗𝒆𝒏𝒕, 𝑩𝒖𝒕 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑺𝒖𝒓𝒗𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒅 𝑰𝒕 𝑨𝒏𝒚𝒘𝒂𝒚. 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒚 𝑨𝒍𝒔𝒐 𝑰𝒏𝒔𝒑𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒅 𝑯𝒖𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒔.

● 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑨𝒔𝒔𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒎𝒔𝒆𝒍𝒗𝒆𝒔 𝑾𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝑨𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒚.

𝑫𝒆𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒕 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑪𝒂𝒏 𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒅 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝑾𝒂𝒚 𝑯𝒐𝒎𝒆 𝑰𝒏 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑾𝒊𝒍𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑭𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒔 𝑩𝒚 𝑼𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑺𝒖𝒏, 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑴𝒐𝒐𝒏, 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑺𝒕𝒂𝒓𝒔.

● 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑲𝒏𝒐𝒘 𝑭𝒊𝒓𝒔𝒕 𝑨𝒊𝒅 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑯𝒚𝒈𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒆.

𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒂𝒈𝒖𝒆 𝑰𝒔 𝑰𝒏𝒋𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅, 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑪𝒂𝒓𝒓𝒚 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒎 𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒐 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑵𝒆𝒔𝒕 𝑻𝒐 𝑳𝒊𝒄𝒌 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝑾𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒔. 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝑺𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒗𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒔 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒃𝒊𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒔 𝑻𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝑪𝒂𝒏 𝑺𝒕𝒐𝒑 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑰𝒏𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏. 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑨𝒍𝒔𝒐 𝑪𝒍𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒓 𝑵𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒔 𝑩𝒚 𝑹𝒆𝒎𝒐𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑫𝒆𝒂𝒅 𝑩𝒐𝒅𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑾𝒂𝒔𝒕𝒆 𝑭𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒚 𝑻𝒐 𝑹𝒆𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒆 𝑫𝒊𝒔𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝑺𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒅.

● ...𝑩𝒖𝒕 𝑾𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝑾𝒐𝒖𝒍𝒅 𝑯𝒂𝒑𝒑𝒆𝒏 𝑰𝒇 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑺𝒖𝒅𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒍𝒚 𝑫𝒊𝒔𝒂𝒑𝒑𝒆𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒅?

𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝑾𝒐𝒖𝒍𝒅 𝑩𝒆 𝑵𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒆𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝑪𝒉𝒂𝒐𝒔 𝑰𝒏 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒔 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑭𝒂𝒓𝒎𝒔. 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒔 𝑾𝒐𝒖𝒍𝒅 𝑺𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒌 𝑾𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝑹𝒐𝒕𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑷𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒔, 𝑰𝒏𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒔, 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑫𝒆𝒂𝒅 𝑺𝒎𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝑨𝒏𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒍𝒔. 𝑺𝒐𝒊𝒍𝒔 𝑾𝒐𝒖𝒍𝒅 𝑩𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆 𝑳𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝑭𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒍𝒆 𝑩𝒆𝒄𝒂𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝑨𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝑯𝒆𝒍𝒑 𝑩𝒚 𝑴𝒐𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑳𝒆𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒔 𝑨𝒏𝒅 𝑰𝒏𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒔 𝑻𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝑭𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒛𝒆 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑺𝒐𝒊𝒍. 𝑻𝒓𝒚 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒑 𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒐𝒔𝒆 𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝒃𝒖𝒅𝒅𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒖𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒕.

□ "...no whatever he was, he won't be forgotten, he was not common''
Botswana bids farewell to former President Festus Mogae.

He was one of inspiring leaders in the African continent which is distinguished for fragile Democracy. Mogae's Leadership has inspired and touched many people around the world.

●The late Festus Mogae was the third Pressident of the Republic of Botswana who governed the country from 1998 to 2008 with immerse Patriotism, in a period where Botswana country faced a threat to its existence as HIV/AIDS pandemic ravaged across Africa.

● During his tenure he could edit the country's constitution to become a dictator but he chose the rule of law, and exited the country's highest office when his time was due.

● He had the ability to open foreign accounts, transfer the country's diamond rich funds to enrich himself, but he chose to take a stand and fight HIV/AIDS pandemic by ensuring that his government buys and freely supply ARVs for every citizen affected by the pandemic.

●He had the ability to harass his political opponents, but he maintained a freedom of speech environment, that promotes democracy. Festus Mogae maintained a Democratic Botswana that was instilled by his predecessors, Sir Seretse Khama and Sir Ketumile Masire.

● He was one of inspiring leaders in the African continent which is known for fragile democracy.
"...no whatever he was, he won't be forgotten, he was not common'', this is the quote from Botswana's President Duma Boko in his opening farewell speech.

Festus Mogae is survived by former First Lady Barbara Mogae, their three children, and grand children.

□ US Pressident Donald Trump visits China Pressident Xi-Jing Ping. How could this change the World?

● China and USA are both global superpowers and with USA leading the game of thrones, their relationship has been sour recently.

●The two superpowers friendship reached its honeymoon climax in 1972 after the former US Pressident Richard Nixon visited China, and since then they became inseparable like finger and nail. Their friendship also influenced the fall of The Soviet Union Empire, today Russia.

● This relationship declined in 2008 after a global economic crisis which made the two countries to become more independent. The two countries accused each other of unfair trade, military technology theft, spying, patents infringement and others.

● Their relationship reached its worst point in 2010 after Pressident Trump imposed trade war on China and consumers worldwide felt the ripple in their pockets as prices of commodities sky rocketed.

● In 2022 the two countries nearly faced the worst Military Escalation the world had ever seen after former US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi landed in Taiwan, an island that China claims as its own. The confrontation ended with China surrounding the island and firing live ammunition in the ocean surrounding the island, in high tension military drills.

●When two beasts fight each other, it is the grass that feels the impact worst. As a saying goes, ordinary people get affected by events that surround the most powerful, and when this happens anything we take for granted can slip away within a blink of an eye.

●What could happen if China and USA become allies?: NATO could change its duty, Space exploration would expand, Medicine and research would advance, electricity would be cheap and accessible globally. Many of developing countries especially in Africa will have access to groundbreaking infrastructure. Transportation/ cars would become cheaper.

□ The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade ( Began in 1503 and ended in 1888, lasted for over 400 years)

● The Transatlantic Slave Trade was designed to generate massive profits by supplying forced labor to colonial industries in the Americas because European powers needed cheap and reliable labor to exploit resources in their colonies.

●Enslaved Africans were forced to work in Sugar plantations (Caribbean,Brazil) Cotton fields,Tobacco and coffee farms in the United States. These crops were very profitable raw materials in Europe.

● Using enslaved labor meant minimal labor costs, maximum production with profit, and controlled workforce. The slave trade created the Triangular Trade System that operated as a three-part trade loop:

●Europe to Africa: Goods like guns, alcohol, and textiles were traded for enslaved people by slave traders and some African tribal kings.

Africa to Americas: Enslaved Africans were transported under brutal conditions.

Americas to Europe: Raw materials (sugar, cotton, to***co) were shipped back for sale and manufacturing.

●This cycle created enormous wealth for European merchants and economies, influencing colonial expansion and power. European empires (Britain, France, Portugal, and Spain) used slavery to:

-Build and sustain colonies
-Compete for global dominance
-Expand agricultural and mining production
-Slavery became a foundation of colonial economies.

● As time went by slavery was justified through racist ideologies, which:
Dehumanized Africans. This made slavery to appear 'okay' to European societies. Slavery is one of the most evil institutionalized policies in human history and its ripples still affect societies today.

''If slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong'' - Abraham Lincoln
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