JAMA Pediatrics

💬 Viewpoint: In clinical trials, analyses can formally combine prior information with observed data to estimate treatment effects, but their results require careful interpretation.

Clear reporting of the specific probability being presented, the prespecified threshold for trial success, and the uncertainty around treatment estimates may help avoid overstating evidence of benefit.

https://ja.ma/3SE31KL

📱 Among children aged 5 to 7 years, extensive parental use and children’s ownership of digital devices were associated with slower growth in receptive vocabulary.

These findings indicate that may matter not only at the child level but also within the broader family context of children's .

https://ja.ma/4qmKbUL

Children with chronic health needs or health-related social needs were more likely to have elevated health-related school absenteeism, a risk that was highest among those with both types of need.

Health-Related School Absenteeism Among US School-Age Children With Chronic Health and Social Needs This cross-sectional study examines associations between chronic health needs, health-related social needs, and health-related school absenteeism among US school-aged children during the 2022-2023 school year.

Among adolescents, smartphone acquisition at age 13 years was linked to insufficient sleep but not depression or obesity; greater smartphone use was associated with higher odds of , , and insufficient .

Age 13 Years Smartphone Acquisition and Health Outcomes This cohort study of adolescents in a long-term study of cognitive development examines the association of smartphone acquisition at age 13 years with adverse health outcomes and insufficient sleep at age 14 years.

💬 Editorial: The Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion supported improved survival, care quality, and reduced uninsurance among adolescents and young adults with kidney failure.

https://ja.ma/4x03LZs

Medicaid expansion was associated with reduced 1-year mortality and improved insurance coverage for young adults with kidney failure initiating dialysis.

Medicaid Expansion and 1-Year Mortality Among Young Adults Initiating Dialysis This cohort study uses a difference-in-differences design to examine data for young adults with kidney failure and determine whether Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act was associated with lower mortality at 1 year.

📄 This JAMA Pediatrics Patient Page discusses preparing children for kindergarten readiness by developing skills throughout their first 5 years of life.
https://ja.ma/4wn4dzW

💬 Editorial: Meta-analysis findings confirm very low risk of bacterial meningitis and bacteremia in febrile aged 60 to 90 days, supporting less invasive evaluation and shared decision-making for laboratory procedures.

Febrile Infants in the Third Month of Life In their review of neonatal sepsis in 1970, Gotoff and Behrman1 urged clinicians to consider sepsis a threat beyond the immediate neonatal period and include the entire first month of life; they also noted that some institutions extended this consideration to include the second month. In 1976,...

💬 Viewpoint: For children with traumatic brain injury who require surveillance imaging after an initial positive head computed tomography scan, rapid may be a safer alternative to repeat when it can be obtained safely and expeditiously. This approach could reduce radiation exposure while maintaining the ability to monitor evolving intracranial hemorrhage in clinically stable patients. https://ja.ma/4bBOm9l

Meta-analysis indicates that well-appearing febrile infants aged 60 to 90 days have a 1.1% prevalence of any invasive bacterial infection, with bacterial meningitis being rare. https://ja.ma/4z5gaN9